Industrial Engineering | Different terms and definition should be known for Industrial Engineering

Industrial engineering has an important role in simplifying jobs, designing jobs, enriching jobs, value analysis/technology, methodology analysis, operating analysis, etc. Industrial engineers are using so many techniques, methods, and formula for increasing productivity. Some of the term and definition is given below that need to know before working as an industrial engineer.

1. Work study: Work study is the systematic examination of the techniques of carrying out operations in order to enhance the efficient use of funds and to establish performance requirements for the operations being carried out.

2. Time Study: Time Study is a method of work measurement to record the times when a particular task or its features have been performed within specified circumstances and to analyze the information to ensure that an employee has time to perform the task at a specified pace.

Industrial Engineering

3. Method Study: Method study means the systematic recording and critical assessment of ways to improve tasks.

4. Work Measurement: Work measurement involves the use of methods intended to determine how much time a skilled employee has to work at a specified pace.

5. Work Content: The work content of a work is described: basic time + relaxation allowance + any extra work allowance, for example, that part of the contingency basis, which is work.

6. Work Cycle:  A working cycle is a series of components needed to perform a task or to produce a manufacturing unit. Occasionally, the sequence may include some components.

7. Element: An element is a separate component of a specific job chosen for observation, measurement and analysis comfort.

8. Work Sampling: Work sampling is a technique by means of statistical sampling and random observations of the percentage event for a given activity.

9. Skilled Worker: A skilled worker has obtained the skills, expertise and other qualities needed to carry out the job in hand to satisfactory quantity, quality and security requirements.

10. Standard performance: Standard performance is the rates of production naturally achieved through the working day or shift without overwork by skilled workers, ensuring they are aware and follow the designated technique and are inspired to work.

11. Rating: Rating is the estimation of the rate at which the worker works with respect to the observer's notion of the normal rate. 

12. Work Specifications: A work specification is a document that stipulates the details of a work, the manner in which it is carried out, the layout, the details of the machines, tools, and equipment to be used as well as the employee's tasks and responsibilities. Normally, the normal moment or permitted time for the work is included.

13. Basic Time: The basic time is the time to perform a standard rating element, i.e. (Time observation x rating observation) / Standard rating.

14. Standard Time: Standard time is the total time a job should be done on a standard basis.

15. Selected Time: The time selected is the time chosen as representing a number of occasions for a particular component or group of items, which may be observable or basic and should be indicated as the basic time selected or observed. 

16. Relaxation Allowance: The Relaxation Allowance is an addition to the fundamental moment to allow the employee to recover from the physiological and psychological impacts and to pay attention to private requirements of the job carried out under given circumstances. Depending on the nature of the work the allowance is paid.

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References:

1. Introduction to Work Study, Edited by George Kanawaty, ILO, Geneva, 1992