Weaving | Process flowchart of weaving in the fabric industry

Weaving: Weaving is the process of fabric manufacturing by interlacing two sets of yarn called warp and weft. In the weaving, many developed machines are using in the textile industries. For example, Air jet loom, Shuttle less loom, Jacquard loom, etc.

Generally, three types of fabric are produced for garments and textile production. These three types of the fabric manufacturing process are weaving, knitting and non-woven. The woven fabric is produced by the weaving process. The knitted fabric is produced by inter-looping by the knitting machine and non woven fabric is produced by applied pressure. 

Weaving Process 

Flowchart of the weaving process:

Yarn preparation in the yarn industry

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Yarn doubling and twisting

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Winding ( Warp & Weft yarn preparation}

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Cone winding/pirn winding

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Crilling

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Warping

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Sizing

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Winding to the weaver's beam

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Drawing

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Denting

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Looming

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Weaving

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Take off the fabric role

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Fabric inspection

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Delivery

1. Yarn preparation: Yarn collects from the spinning industry. But it needs to prepare a suitable count and package. 

2. Winding: Winding requires for preparing suitable yarn package. we know that in the weaving process two sets of yarn is used. Warp and Weft yarn. Warp yarn wind into a cone package. But weft yarn wind into prin package for conventional loom and cone package for a modern loom.

3. Warping: Warping is intended to prepare the beam of the weaver to be installed on the weaving machine. Warping performs the following operations: 

• Create, out of a limited number of warp threads (creel load), a warp composed of any number of threads with the desired length. 
• Arrangement of the above-mentioned threads according to the desired sequence. 

The industrial warping process can be accomplished:

• Sectional warping (conical drum or indirect warping). 
• Beam warping or direct warping (preparatory beam warping).

4. Sizing: Sizing is the implementation of the adhesive protective layer before weaving in the warp threads. Warp yarns can resist the complex stresses they are subjected to in the weaving machine.

5. Weaver Beam Preparation: For long runs of gray fabrics, beam warping is used. As intermediate stage warper beams are produced that can contain up to 1,000 - 1100 ends. Then 6-12 warper beam threads are merged at the slashing stage and wound on a weaver beam (loom beam).

6. Drawing: Drawing is done to pull the threads of the warp through the heald wire's eye.

7. Denting: Denting signifies drawing the warp thread through the dent as reed plan requires, and this more reliably specifies the fabric width and ends per inches.

8. Looming: At the start of the new warp, the tail end of the warp from the exhausted weaver beam is attached. it is called tying-in. Therefore, the drawing mechanism may be excluded if each end of the new beam is attached to its consequent end on the old beam. All knots are pulled through the drop wires, heddles, and reeds after the tying-in process. The loom is ready for use now.

9. Weaving: Finally Weaving is started and others process will be followed for delivery.

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References:

1. Weaving By M.K Talukdar

2. Principle of Weaving. By Robinson